Although fracking is only attaining popularity today, it is a technology that has been around for about two centuries. Other names used to refer to this process include hydraulic fracturing, faccing, hydrofracking, and hydrofracturing. According to history, this technology has been around since the 1800s. During that time, gas and oil shale formations underground were reached using explosives instead of water. Facts regarding clean fracking technology.
Firms later in 1930s made a decision to begin applying non-explosive methods. In the course of the next decade, experiments were done to find out how effectual non-explosive methods could be. The invention of hydrofrac technology was done by 1949. By 1950s, the use of the new technology became much popular. About 3000 wells were adopting the new technology per month at that time.
Over gallons of fluid were utilized in the initial models of fracking technology. The fluid was made up of gelled kerosene, 400 pounds of sand, water and gelled crude oil. The amount and composition of the fluid did not change for a long period. Today, there has been some slight changes. Around 8 million gallons of water and between 75000 and 32000 pounds of sand are utilized today.
Different forms of fluid are also used due to technological improvements. Gels, slickwater, and foams are among common kinds of fluids used today. Many different ingredients are contained in the modern fracking fluid. Gum, guan, biocines, diesel fuel, friction reducers, benzene, and hydrochloric acid are examples of ingredients. These ingredients impact the environment negatively. The environmental degradation caused by the process has led to calls for making the process more environmentally friendly.
Since there is a large amount of water used in this process, the water must be disposed carefully to avoid bad effects. Before 1985, all the wastewater ended in state waterways like rivers, lakes, and oceans. However, today, that has changed as wastewater is disposed of in deep injection wells. These wells are also referred to using the term brine disposal wells.
Apart from being disposed in disposal wells, there are private establishments that take and process the wastewater. Although the water can be processed, only some of it can be processed fully. The rest still contain the fluid used in hydrofracking and must be disposed in landfills or injected into the ground. It is being realized that these methods of disposal have negative impacts even though they once appeared flawless.
Contaminated drinking water is among the major impacts of wastewater disposal. The wastewater somehow gets its way back into the water system, to pollution. Consumption of such huge water amounts during oil extraction has also caused depletion of fresh water. Finally, there are also negative effects on the environment caused by both hydrofracking process and water disposal approaches.
In order to scale down the impact resulting from fracking, there have been proposals on identifying methods of having wastewater reused. This has led to invention of a number of wastewater reuse methods. Additional methods of scaling down pollution are, reduction of amounts of freshwater used, preventing methane gas from escaping, and using other sources of energy instead of diesel.
Firms later in 1930s made a decision to begin applying non-explosive methods. In the course of the next decade, experiments were done to find out how effectual non-explosive methods could be. The invention of hydrofrac technology was done by 1949. By 1950s, the use of the new technology became much popular. About 3000 wells were adopting the new technology per month at that time.
Over gallons of fluid were utilized in the initial models of fracking technology. The fluid was made up of gelled kerosene, 400 pounds of sand, water and gelled crude oil. The amount and composition of the fluid did not change for a long period. Today, there has been some slight changes. Around 8 million gallons of water and between 75000 and 32000 pounds of sand are utilized today.
Different forms of fluid are also used due to technological improvements. Gels, slickwater, and foams are among common kinds of fluids used today. Many different ingredients are contained in the modern fracking fluid. Gum, guan, biocines, diesel fuel, friction reducers, benzene, and hydrochloric acid are examples of ingredients. These ingredients impact the environment negatively. The environmental degradation caused by the process has led to calls for making the process more environmentally friendly.
Since there is a large amount of water used in this process, the water must be disposed carefully to avoid bad effects. Before 1985, all the wastewater ended in state waterways like rivers, lakes, and oceans. However, today, that has changed as wastewater is disposed of in deep injection wells. These wells are also referred to using the term brine disposal wells.
Apart from being disposed in disposal wells, there are private establishments that take and process the wastewater. Although the water can be processed, only some of it can be processed fully. The rest still contain the fluid used in hydrofracking and must be disposed in landfills or injected into the ground. It is being realized that these methods of disposal have negative impacts even though they once appeared flawless.
Contaminated drinking water is among the major impacts of wastewater disposal. The wastewater somehow gets its way back into the water system, to pollution. Consumption of such huge water amounts during oil extraction has also caused depletion of fresh water. Finally, there are also negative effects on the environment caused by both hydrofracking process and water disposal approaches.
In order to scale down the impact resulting from fracking, there have been proposals on identifying methods of having wastewater reused. This has led to invention of a number of wastewater reuse methods. Additional methods of scaling down pollution are, reduction of amounts of freshwater used, preventing methane gas from escaping, and using other sources of energy instead of diesel.
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