A boiler is a closed vessel that is used to heat fluids such as water. The fluid does not usually have to boil during the heating process. In such cases where the fluid does not actually boil, the term furnace is used more, especially in Sutton, WV. Heating the fluid produces high pressure steam used for various heating processes and applications. Among those applications for which the steam from commercial and industrial boilers is used include central heating, boiler-based power generation and water heating. It is also used for cooking and sanitation.
Today, the types of boilers being used are very many. The material used for manufacture depends on the type of boiler in question. The pressure vessel of the boiler is usually made from steel and its other alloys. Parts that come in contact with water are usually not made from stainless steel, especially stainless steels of austenitic types. The reason for this is because of stress corrosion cracking and corrosion.
Parts that are not exposed to water are often made from ferritic stainless steel. Copper and brass are often used in some applications, especially in smaller models of boilers because they are easier to fabricate. Copper has historically been used, but has dropped in popularity because of its high cost. Instead, cheaper alternatives like steel are dominating the industry. Wrought and cast iron are also still in use in certain applications such as domestic water heaters.
Initially, joining of various components on the equipment was done through riveting. However, as steel gained more popularity in the twentieth century over wrought iron, welding took over. The labor force required for welding is way less than one needed for riveting and welding is also faster.
However, wrought iron presents several advantages over steel in many aspects. First, corrosion is much slower in appliances made from wrought iron than those made from steel. Susceptibility to localized pitting and stress-corrosion are also much less in components constructed from wrought iron. Because of those advantages, wrought-iron boilers can stay much longer than those constructed from steel and joined through welding.
A boiler uses different kinds of fuels for generating heat. Among them are oil, natural gas, wood, and coal. However, technological advancement has made it possible for production of electric steam models which rely on immersion-type or resistance heating elements. There is also increase in popularity of nuclear fission for generating steam used in power generation purposes.
The use and manufacture of these devices needs to be done at high levels of safety. For that reason, there are organizations that set design specifications and regulate standards and codes followed in the industry. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is one such organization that provides rules and directives to ensure compliance in how pressure vessels are designed and produced.
Energy is effectively moved from one place to another by the steam generated from a boiler. However, such transfer of energy can only occur if the pipes are designed and made suitably. Otherwise, if the pipes burst or become compromised, they could lead to serious accidents. Such accidents lead to deaths and damage of property.
Today, the types of boilers being used are very many. The material used for manufacture depends on the type of boiler in question. The pressure vessel of the boiler is usually made from steel and its other alloys. Parts that come in contact with water are usually not made from stainless steel, especially stainless steels of austenitic types. The reason for this is because of stress corrosion cracking and corrosion.
Parts that are not exposed to water are often made from ferritic stainless steel. Copper and brass are often used in some applications, especially in smaller models of boilers because they are easier to fabricate. Copper has historically been used, but has dropped in popularity because of its high cost. Instead, cheaper alternatives like steel are dominating the industry. Wrought and cast iron are also still in use in certain applications such as domestic water heaters.
Initially, joining of various components on the equipment was done through riveting. However, as steel gained more popularity in the twentieth century over wrought iron, welding took over. The labor force required for welding is way less than one needed for riveting and welding is also faster.
However, wrought iron presents several advantages over steel in many aspects. First, corrosion is much slower in appliances made from wrought iron than those made from steel. Susceptibility to localized pitting and stress-corrosion are also much less in components constructed from wrought iron. Because of those advantages, wrought-iron boilers can stay much longer than those constructed from steel and joined through welding.
A boiler uses different kinds of fuels for generating heat. Among them are oil, natural gas, wood, and coal. However, technological advancement has made it possible for production of electric steam models which rely on immersion-type or resistance heating elements. There is also increase in popularity of nuclear fission for generating steam used in power generation purposes.
The use and manufacture of these devices needs to be done at high levels of safety. For that reason, there are organizations that set design specifications and regulate standards and codes followed in the industry. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is one such organization that provides rules and directives to ensure compliance in how pressure vessels are designed and produced.
Energy is effectively moved from one place to another by the steam generated from a boiler. However, such transfer of energy can only occur if the pipes are designed and made suitably. Otherwise, if the pipes burst or become compromised, they could lead to serious accidents. Such accidents lead to deaths and damage of property.
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